Three cap paths as factors relative to 2025 emissions, for building
carbon-cap scenarios (see the Scenarios article): ets_cap
(the EU ETS cap shape under the Fit-for-55 linear reduction factors,
zero around 2039 – deliberately the tightest of the three; note the
cap is bankable, so it is not a hard annual emissions ceiling), ndc
(the EU's economy-wide pledges – -55% 2030,
the 2035 NDC midpoint, -90% 2040, neutrality 2050 – mapped to
2025-relative factors) and nz2050 (linear to zero at 2050).
Multiply by a base-year emission level (the model's own solved 2025
emissions) to obtain cap right-hand sides.